Factbox: Cyber attacks: from hactivism to espionage

(Reuters) – The recent spate of cyber attacks have raised questions about the security of government and corporate computer systems, and the ability of law enforcement to track down hackers.

Here’s a breakdown of the different types of cyber assaults, from “hactivists” to serious criminals.

DISSIDENT HACKERS SEEKING MAXIMUM PUBLICITY

The Lulz Security and Anonymous groups have broken into computer servers to steal data that they publish on the Internet to embarrass their targets. Examples of this include LulzSec hacking into Fox TV’s “X Factor” contestant database, or breaking into FBI affiliate Infraguard and publishing its user base.

So-called hactivists also use distributed denial of service (DDOS) attacks, in which they get supporters to crash the websites of their targets by overwhelming the servers with traffic. The Anonymous group launched DOS attacks against Visa and MasterCard because the group thought the companies were hostile to Wikileaks and its founder Julian Assange.

CYBER ATTACKS FOR FINANCIAL GAIN

Primarily based on getting financial information, such as payment card data or bank account details, perpetrators tend to keep their attacks secret because the data is more valuable if victims do not know it has been stolen.

Citigroup disclosed that unknown hackers in May had stolen information from 360,083 credit card accounts in North America, in what was the most significant known direct assault on a financial institution.

These attacks can come from just about anywhere, although Western security experts have said that Russia and China deliberately turn a blind eye to this kind of activity from within their borders, provided it is not targeted domestically.

GOVERNMENT OR STATE-BACKED ATTACKS

Hacking by governments or state-sponsored groups is usually aimed at stealing classified information, such as military secrets or other prized data. Security experts have cited attacks on the International Monetary Fund and Google Inc’s email service as recent examples.

There is often finger-pointing at Russia and China after such attacks, although experts suspect other nations including the United States of using this technique more quietly.

There are also occasional suspected state-backed DDOS attacks, such as on Estonia and Georgia in 2007.

FROM VIRTUAL NETWORKS TO THE REAL WORLD

These are cyber attacks aimed at causing actual physical damage, such as by hacking into industrial computer controls to destroy military assets or public infrastructure.

The Stuxnet virus, which Iran has said was used to attack computers at its Bushehr nuclear reactor, is the only case so far that security experts widely agree fits into this category.

(Reporting by Marius Bosch and Jim Finkle; editing by Tiffany Wu)

Article source: http://ca.news.yahoo.com/factbox-cyber-attacks-hactivism-espionage-214644583.html

China represents most significant espionage threat to UK: Official

London, June 25(ANI): The Chinese government represents one of the most significant espionage threats to the United Kingdom, a British official has said.

“They (the Chinese government) continue to devote considerable time and energy trying to steal our sensitive technology on civilian and military projects and trying to obtain political and economic intelligence at our expense,” The Telegraph quoted Jonathan Evans, the Director General of British intelligence agency MI5, as saying.

Evans’ comment comes ahead of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao’s visit to the UK for the UK-China Strategic Summit.

The summit is an annual meeting between the two nations and is aimed at building bilateral relations.

Jiabao will also meet British Prime Minister David Cameron on Sunday.

Earlier, a 14-page “restricted” report from MI5′s Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure (CPNI) last year had described how China attacked British defence, energy, communications and manufacturing companies in a concerted hacking campaign.

The report had claimed that Chinese agents were trying to cultivate “long-term relationships” with the employees of key British companies.

“Chinese intelligence services have also been known to exploit vulnerabilities such as sexual relationships and illegal activities to pressurize individuals to co-operate with them,” the report had said.

It also warned that hotel rooms in major Chinese cities, such as Beijing and Shanghai, frequented by foreigners, were likely to be bugged and have been searched while the occupants are out of the room. (ANI)

Article source: http://in.news.yahoo.com/china-represents-most-significant-espionage-threat-uk-official-144726734.html